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Ray

Distributed Python framework for scaling ML workloads — training, serving, hyperparameter tuning, and pipelines.

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इंस्टॉल568k
⟳ upstream ray-2.56.1 · updated 10d ago
↗ सोर्स रिपॉज़िटरी
← More DevOps & InfraDevOps & Infra leaderboard →How we grade security →Source ↗
! Grade B · 88/100 · ReviewSecurity assessment
✓No compromise signals21capabilities surfaced1known CVE5of 20 OWASP controls clear
Broad capability surfacePotentially unbounded loopBroad capability surfacePrompt-injection phrasing
scanned 9d ago · partial·osv · gitleaks · opengrep · picklescan + heuristics·full breakdown in the Security tab ↓

Ray

Ray is a unified framework for scaling Python and AI/ML workloads across a cluster. It provides low-level distributed primitives (tasks, actors) and a rich library ecosystem — Ray Train, Ray Serve, Ray Tune, RLlib, and Ray Data — that handle the most common distributed AI use cases out of the box.

Key Features

  • Ray Train: distributed training for PyTorch, TensorFlow, XGBoost, LightGBM with fault tolerance
  • Ray Serve: production model serving with request batching, model composition, and autoscaling
  • Ray Tune: distributed hyperparameter search with Bayesian optimization and PBT
  • Ray Data: scalable data preprocessing pipelines for ML training
  • RLlib: industry-grade reinforcement learning library
  • Scales from laptop to cluster: same code, no changes

Quick Start

import ray

ray.init()

@ray.remote
def process_batch(batch):
    return [preprocess(item) for item in batch]

# Fan out 1000 tasks in parallel
futures = [process_batch.remote(batch) for batch in batches]
results = ray.get(futures)

Install via ai-supply

npx ai-supply add ray-distributed-computing

Curated mirror of the open-source Ray (Apache-2.0). Get it from the source.

Rating rank
#1
of 23 in DevOps & Infra
Install rank
#4
of 23 in DevOps & Infra
Security score
88/100 · B
review
Security rank
#10
of 23 in DevOps & Infra
Installs
568k
cat avg 212k
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See the DevOps & Infra leaderboard →
! Security: Review · 8888/100 · grade Bscanned 9d ago
✓ no compromise signals22 risk-surface · 10/20 OWASP controls flagged

Compromise signals — malicious or tampered code (leaked secrets, backdoors, a dropped executable) — reduce the score, and known dependency CVEs carry a bounded penalty (they warrant review but never QUARANTINE — update the dependency to clear). Other dangerous-by-capability traits are risk surface, expected for some capabilities. Every finding is mapped to its OWASP control below.

What this capability can do · med confidence (static)
⚑ filesystem⚑ shell⚑ network⚑ secretsinstall: script:ray/.buildkite/release/custom-image-build-and-test-init.shinstall: script:ray/ci/env/install-dependencies.sh
egress → bazel-cache-dev.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com, files.pythonhosted.org, vop4ss7n22.execute-api.us-west-2.amazonaws.com, test.pypi.org, pypi.org, astral.sh, code.claude.com, buildkite.com +32
196 steps⚑ uses secretsbazel-cache-dev.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.comfiles.pythonhosted.orggithub.comraw.githubusercontent.comdiscuss.ray.iodocs.ray.ioactions/github-script@v7actions/github-script@v5

Findings mapped to the OWASP Top 10 for LLM Applications (2025) and the OWASP Machine Learning Security Top 10. Expand any flagged control for the exact findings — compromise reduces the score; expected/risk-surface do not, except a known CVE, which carries a small bounded penalty (high/critical → Review).

OWASP Top 10 for LLM Applications
⚠LLM01Prompt Injectionhigh
Adversarial instructions embedded in an artifact that hijack a downstream LLM.
•Prompt-injection phrasing — instruction-subversion language detected · ray/ci/repro-ci.py (CWE-77)risk surface
⚠LLM03Supply Chainhigh
Vulnerable/compromised dependencies, models or archives in the artifact.
•Dependency manifest — 5 pip requirements declared · ray/ci/repro-ci-requirements.txtrisk surface
•Vulnerable dependencies — 22 known vulnerabilities in: idna@3.9.0, requests@2.32.5, urllib3@1.24.3 (CWE-1395)known CVE · -12 pts
⚠LLM05Improper Output Handlinghigh
Code that pipes model/user output into shell, eval, SQL or paths unsafely.
•Suspicious code patterns — pipe-to-shell install · ray/.buildkite/cicd.rayci.yml (CWE-494)expected
•Suspicious code patterns — OS command execution · ray/ci/build/build_common.py (CWE-78)expected
•Suspicious code patterns — world-writable chmod 777 · ray/ci/build/copy_build_artifacts.sh (CWE-732)expected
•Suspicious code patterns — environment/secret exfiltration · ray/ci/build/get_build_info.py (CWE-200)expected
•Suspicious code patterns — destructive rm -rf / · ray/ci/ci.sh (CWE-78)expected
•Suspicious code patterns — pickle deserialization · ray/ci/ray_ci/doc/massage_cache.py (CWE-502)expected
•Suspicious code patterns — dynamic code execution · ray/ci/ray_ci/test_linux_tester_container.py (CWE-95)expected
•Suspicious code patterns — OS command execution; dynamic code execution · ray/ci/raydepsets/tests/test_cli.py (CWE-78)expected
•Suspicious code patterns — OS command execution; dynamic code execution; environment/secret exfiltration · ray/ci/repro-ci.py (CWE-78)expected
⚠LLM06Excessive Agencymedium
Over-broad tool/permission surface or unrestricted egress.
•External endpoints declared — 1 distinct host(s) · ray/.buildkite/README.mdexpected
•Broad capability surface — 4 high-impact capability categories referenced — verify least-privilege · ray/.buildkite/copy_files.py (CWE-272)risk surface
•External endpoints declared — 2 distinct host(s) · ray/.buildkite/release-automation/verify-linux-wheels.shexpected
•External endpoints declared — 3 distinct host(s) · ray/.buildkite/release-automation/verify-macos-wheels.shexpected
•External endpoints declared — 4 distinct host(s) · ray/CONTRIBUTING.rstexpected
•External endpoints declared — 13 distinct host(s) · ray/README.rstexpected
•External endpoints declared — 8 distinct host(s) · ray/ci/env/install-dependencies.shexpected
•Broad capability surface — 3 high-impact capability categories referenced — verify least-privilege · ray/ci/pipeline/determine_tests_to_run.py (CWE-272)risk surface
⚠LLM10Unbounded Consumptionmedium
Unbounded loops/recursion causing DoS or runaway cost.
Enforced at runtime by the gateway (rate limits + spend caps + size caps); static check flags unbounded loops.
•Potentially unbounded loop — an infinite loop (while True / while(1) / for(;;)) may cause runaway consumption · ray/ci/lint/clang-tidy-diff.py (CWE-835)risk surface
⚠LLM02Sensitive Information Disclosurelow
Secrets, credentials or PII shipped inside the artifact.
•Low-confidence secret match — 1 possible: generic-api-key · ray/.buildkite/macos/macos.rayci.yml (CWE-798)risk surface
⚠LLM07System Prompt Leakagelow
Secrets, internal hosts or proprietary logic exposed in shipped prompts.
•Low-confidence secret match — 1 possible: generic-api-key · ray/.buildkite/macos/macos.rayci.yml (CWE-798)risk surface
§LLM09MisinformationGovernance
Artifacts designed to produce false/deceptive output.
Detectable only by runtime behavioral evaluation; addressed via responsible-use attestation.
✓LLM04Data and Model PoisoningPassed
Backdoors/poisoning in training data or serialized models.
Behavioral poisoning needs model execution; static check covers unsafe serialization + dataset skew only.
✓LLM08Vector and Embedding WeaknessesPassed
PII or plaintext source leakage in embedding/vector exports.
Embedding inversion/poisoning is largely runtime; static check covers PII in vector exports.
OWASP Machine Learning Security Top 10
⚠ML02Data Poisoninghigh
Poisoned training datasets with triggers or anomalous distributions.
Static check covers trigger phrasing, PII and label skew; full poisoning detection is runtime.
•Prompt-injection phrasing — instruction-subversion language detected · ray/ci/repro-ci.py (CWE-77)risk surface
⚠ML06AI Supply Chainhigh
Compromised PyPI/npm packages, typosquats, unsafe serialized models.
•Dependency manifest — 5 pip requirements declared · ray/ci/repro-ci-requirements.txtrisk surface
•Vulnerable dependencies — 22 known vulnerabilities in: idna@3.9.0, requests@2.32.5, urllib3@1.24.3 (CWE-1395)known CVE · -12 pts
⚠ML09Output Integrityhigh
Middleware tampering with model outputs in transit.
Gateway enforces TLS + response integrity; static check flags output-rewriting code.
•Suspicious code patterns — pipe-to-shell install · ray/.buildkite/cicd.rayci.yml (CWE-494)expected
•Suspicious code patterns — OS command execution · ray/ci/build/build_common.py (CWE-78)expected
•Suspicious code patterns — world-writable chmod 777 · ray/ci/build/copy_build_artifacts.sh (CWE-732)expected
•Suspicious code patterns — environment/secret exfiltration · ray/ci/build/get_build_info.py (CWE-200)expected
•Suspicious code patterns — destructive rm -rf / · ray/ci/ci.sh (CWE-78)expected
•Suspicious code patterns — pickle deserialization · ray/ci/ray_ci/doc/massage_cache.py (CWE-502)expected
•Suspicious code patterns — dynamic code execution · ray/ci/ray_ci/test_linux_tester_container.py (CWE-95)expected
•Suspicious code patterns — OS command execution; dynamic code execution · ray/ci/raydepsets/tests/test_cli.py (CWE-78)expected
•Suspicious code patterns — OS command execution; dynamic code execution; environment/secret exfiltration · ray/ci/repro-ci.py (CWE-78)expected
§ML01Input Manipulation (Adversarial)Governance
Models vulnerable to adversarial perturbations.
Requires runtime robustness evaluation; addressed via publisher robustness attestation.
§ML03Model InversionGovernance
Training data reconstructable from a model's outputs.
Runtime/evaluation property; addressed via model-card data-provenance + DP attestation.
§ML04Membership InferenceGovernance
Determining whether a record was in the training set.
Runtime/evaluation property; addressed via overfitting disclosure + DP attestation.
§ML08Model SkewingGovernance
Models trained on skewed data producing biased output.
Requires fairness evaluation; addressed via model-card bias/limitations disclosure.
✓ML05Model TheftPassed
Unlicensed re-distribution / license-incompatible derivatives.
Static check verifies license declaration; extraction throttling is runtime.
✓ML07Transfer Learning AttackPassed
Backdoored base models / LoRA adapters propagating to derivatives.
Backdoor detection needs behavioral probing; static check covers unsafe serialization + provenance.
✓ML10Model Poisoning (Weights)Passed
Tampered model weight files; integrity must be verifiable.
Static check enforces safe formats + records a content hash for downstream verification.
Other findings (5) · hygiene / uncategorized
•Unrecognized file type — '.ini' is not on the allowlist · ray/.vale.inirisk surface
•Unrecognized file type — '.cc' is not on the allowlist · ray/bazel/tests/cpp/example.ccrisk surface
•Unrecognized file type — '.h' is not on the allowlist · ray/bazel/tests/cpp/example.hrisk surface
•Unrecognized file type — '.?' is not on the allowlist · ray/ci/docker/runtime_env_container/Dockerfilerisk surface
•Suspicious network references — suspicious TLD (15 URLs) · ray/ci/env/install-dependencies.shexpected
✔ verified source · pinned partial
Check against a policy

The same gate an agent runs before installing (POST /api/v1/trust/ray-distributed-computing/check). Click a policy:

Consume Ray programmatically. Authenticate with an API key or session — see Authorize an agent.

# Agents: CHECK BEFORE YOU INSTALL (no auth) — score, grade, level, capability manifest
curl https://ai-supply.store/api/v1/trust/ray-distributed-computing

# Gate against your org policy (returns { pass, violations })
curl -X POST https://ai-supply.store/api/v1/trust/ray-distributed-computing/check \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  -d '{"minGrade":"B","denyPermissions":["shell"],"denyUnknownEgress":true}'

# CLI
npx ai-supply add ray-distributed-computing

# REST (install → download)
curl -X POST https://ai-supply.store/api/v1/listings/ray-distributed-computing/install \
  -H "Authorization: Bearer $AIM_KEY"

# MCP tool
install_listing({ "slug": "ray-distributed-computing" })
OpenAPI spec →
vlatest
! Security: Review · 881mo ago

Curated mirror — latest upstream source. See the repository for tagged releases.

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